{"id":2274,"date":"2024-04-04T09:35:00","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T07:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/?p=2274"},"modified":"2024-04-10T11:03:22","modified_gmt":"2024-04-10T09:03:22","slug":"2nde-probabilites-et-echantillonage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/2nde-probabilites-et-echantillonage\/","title":{"rendered":"2nde, probabilit\u00e9s et echantillonage"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>On consid\u00e8re le programme python suivant permettant de simuler le lancer d&rsquo;une pi\u00e8ce. Pour cela on consid\u00e8rera que 0 repr\u00e9sente Pile et 1 Face.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># on importe la fonction randint de la biblioth\u00e8que random\nfrom random import randint\n\ndef tirages(n):\n    retour=&#91;]\n    # on effectue n tirages\n    for i in range(n):\n        # on tire un nombre entier entre 0 et 1\n        tirage=randint(0,1)\n        # on l'ajoute aux tirages\n        retour.append(tirage)\n    # on retourne les tirages\n    return retour\n    \ndef frequence(valeur,n):\n    return tirages(n).count(valeur)\/n\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3>Exercice 1 <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Copier et coller le code ci-dessus dans Thonny, ex\u00e9cuter le.<br>1. Tester les commandes suivantes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; tirages(10)\n...\n&gt;&gt;&gt; tirages(100)\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Que permettent-elles de simuler ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Tester les commandes suivantes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; frequence(\"0\",100)\n...\n&gt;&gt;&gt; frequence(\"0\",100)\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">...\n&gt;&gt;&gt; frequence(\"0\",100)\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">...\n&gt;&gt;&gt; frequence(\"0\",100)\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">...\n&gt;&gt;&gt; frequence(\"1\",100)\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">...\n&gt;&gt;&gt; frequence(\"1\",100)\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">...\n&gt;&gt;&gt; <meta charset=\"utf-8\">frequence(\"1\",10000)\n...\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">&gt;&gt;&gt; <meta charset=\"utf-8\">frequence(\"0\",10000)\n...\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Que permettent-elles de calculer ? Que remarquez-vous ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>Exercice 2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Adaptez ce programme pour simuler le lancer d&rsquo;un d\u00e9 \u00e0 6 faces num\u00e9rot\u00e9es de 1 \u00e0 6 . D\u00e9terminer une valeur approch\u00e9e de la probabilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;obtenir \u00ab\u00a06\u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de votre programme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>Exercice 3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Adaptez votre programme pour simuler la somme du lancer de 2 d\u00e9s \u00e0 6 faces. Quelle est la somme qui va appara\u00eetre le plus souvent ? Avec quelle probabilit\u00e9 ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>Exercice 4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On joue 500 fois \u00e0 Pile ou Face. A votre avis est-il possible d&rsquo;avoir obtenu 6 fois Pile successivement ? 7 fois ? Modifier votre programme pour r\u00e9pondre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On consid\u00e8re le programme python suivant permettant de simuler le lancer d&rsquo;une pi\u00e8ce. Pour cela&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/2nde-probabilites-et-echantillonage\/\">Read the post<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">2nde, probabilit\u00e9s et echantillonage<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1946,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[60],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2274"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2274"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2274\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2466,"href":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2274\/revisions\/2466"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1946"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labodemaths.fr\/WordPress3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}